Lucie Mé · Concerns
Frown Lines
The two vertical lines between the brows that stay put after the frown has gone.
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What causes it
What are frown lines, and what causes them?
The line that used to fade by breakfast now sits there through the afternoon, and a photograph taken mid-conversation shows it more plainly than any mirror does.
Frown lines are the vertical creases that run up between the eyebrows. Their medical name is glabellar lines, after the glabella, the flat patch of bone between the brows. Two muscles make them. The corrugator supercilii pulls the eyebrows inward and down, and the procerus pulls the skin between them downward. Frowning, concentrating, squinting into sun and reading a screen in poor light all contract that pair, and the skin above them buckles into the same two vertical folds every time.
The skin over the glabella is thick compared with the skin at the outer eye, and the muscles beneath it are strong. That combination produces a different kind of line from crow's feet: fewer lines, deeper, and set closer together. Some faces carry one central line rather than two, depending on how the muscle fibres are arranged.
For years the lines appear only while the muscles are working. Frown and they are there, let the face settle and they go. Skin with its elastin network intact springs back flat. What changes is the springing back. Collagen and elastin decline with age, elastin fibres fragment, and ultraviolet light speeds up both. Skin that has lost recoil holds a fold slightly longer each year.
Past a point the fold stops releasing. The same crease, made in the same place, often enough and for long enough, becomes part of the structure of the skin rather than a position the muscle is holding. At that stage the line is visible with the face completely at rest, including in photographs taken mid-conversation when nobody is frowning. The two states, moving and resting, are treated differently, which is why the distinction comes first.
Why they appear when they do
Why do frown lines appear earlier on some faces?
There is no age at which frown lines arrive. What varies is how hard the muscles between the brows work and how quickly the skin over them stops recovering.
Muscle strength comes first, and it is largely inherited. A strong corrugator pulls the brows together with more force, folds the skin harder, and sets a deeper line sooner than a weaker one does. People told from childhood that they look cross in photographs are describing exactly this.
Squinting runs those muscles far more than frowning alone. Long or short sight that has never been corrected, an out-of-date prescription, a screen too bright or too dim for the room, and driving into low sun all keep the glabellar muscles contracting through the day. Correcting the cause removes the contraction rather than treating its result.
Ultraviolet light damages the collagen and elastin that let the skin flatten out again, and it makes people squint while it does so. Smoking restricts the small vessels feeding facial skin and degrades elastin, and the act itself adds repeated squinting.
Skin thickness matters. Thicker, oilier skin resists a set crease longer than fine, dry skin does. Fair skin with less melanin has less natural protection from ultraviolet light and shows the change sooner for the same exposure.
Then there is habit. A face that frowns in concentration all day, at a screen or at a workbench, folds that skin more often than a face that does not. Nobody is going to stop concentrating, and the useful part of knowing it is that the muscle, rather than the skin, is where the problem starts.
What you can do
What can I do about frown lines myself?
Nothing sold over a counter reaches the muscles that fold the skin between the brows, so home care works on the other half of the problem: how well the skin recovers from being folded, and how fast new lines set.
Getting your eyes tested is the one that costs least and does most, because an uncorrected prescription keeps those muscles contracting all day without you noticing. Sunglasses stop the squint outdoors and shield the skin at the same time. A sunscreen worn daily protects the collagen and elastin that let the skin flatten; the American Academy of Dermatology sets out how much to use and how often to reapply. Screen brightness matched to the room, and a lamp behind rather than in front of the screen, takes away another hour of squinting a day.
Stopping smoking removes an active cause rather than slowing one.
On products, topical retinoids have the strongest evidence for rebuilding collagen in the skin over months of consistent use, and they thicken skin that has thinned. Vitamin C supports collagen and defends against ultraviolet damage. Peptides and growth factors support the skin's own repair. A plain moisturiser makes a fine line look softer by hydrating the skin around it. All of that protects and maintains. None of it relaxes a muscle.
Facial exercises between the brows work the corrugator, which is the muscle making the fold, so training it is the wrong direction. Cooling rollers and gels move fluid and change how the area looks for an hour.
One check before any of it. Relax your face completely in daylight and look in a mirror: a line that disappears is dynamic, a line still there is static.
Talk to us
Would you like to talk to a Lucie Mé specialist about frown lines?
A complimentary consultation at Yorkville or Fairview Mall.
Treatment
How are frown lines treated?
Botox works directly on the muscles that make frown lines. Injected into the corrugator and procerus, it relaxes them so the brows pull together with less force and the skin above folds less. The visible change starts within three to seven days and settles over roughly two weeks as the full effect develops; it lasts around three to four months before the muscles regain their normal strength. Glabellar lines are the area Botox was licensed for in Canada in the first place, and the product information held by Health Canada covers this use.
On a line that has already set into the skin, Botox does something narrower but still useful. Reducing how hard and how often the skin folds slows a forming line from setting further, even where it cannot flatten a crease already etched into thinned skin. For that part, treatment has to work on the skin itself rather than the muscle. Microneedling, and RF microneedling with Intensif, create controlled micro-injury that stimulates the skin's own collagen production over the weeks that follow, improving the quality and thickness of the skin and softening the crease. A chemical peel works on the surface layers and the texture around it.
The two approaches run together rather than one replacing the other: Botox for the muscle, microneedling for the skin. The stiff, startled look people have seen comes from over-treatment or from placement too high into the brow lifters. Correctly dosed, the crease softens while the brows still move.
Alongside treatment
Can creams help frown lines?
InterFuse Intensive Treatment LINES, skinbetter science
Supports the skin around an expression line. It does not relax the muscle that folds the skin, and it does not remove a line that is already static.
Retinol 0.5%, Vivier
A topical retinoid, the ingredient class with the strongest evidence for rebuilding collagen over months of consistent use. Start lower if your skin is reactive.
Vitamin C and E Complex, SkinMedica
Antioxidant support for collagen and a defence against ultraviolet damage during the day. Sits under sunscreen, never instead of it.
UV Daily SPF 40, EltaMD
Daily broad-spectrum sun protection. Ultraviolet exposure is the one cause of collagen loss you can act on directly, so consistent use slows new lines setting more than any cream above.
Lucie Mé
Restore. Rejuvenate. Enhance.
At Lucie Mé we specialise in the most advanced non-surgical cosmetic and body contouring treatments, delivered by medically trained professionals. Two Toronto clinics: Yorkville at Holt Renfrew Centre, and Fairview Mall in North York. Established 2010. Complimentary consultations.
Treatment at Lucie Mé
How to treat frown lines with Botox at Lucie Mé
Lucie Mé, established 2010, treats frown lines with Botox at both Toronto clinics. The glabella is one of the standard areas on the Botox page, which carries its own before-and-after results. Where the line is already set into the skin, microneedling and Intensif RF microneedling work on the structure of the skin rather than the muscle, and both sit alongside Botox rather than replacing it. A chemical peel helps with surface texture across the forehead more broadly.
The Yorkville clinic at Holt Renfrew Centre serves downtown Toronto, Bloor-Yorkville, Rosedale, The Annex and the central neighbourhoods. The Fairview Mall clinic in North York serves North York, Thornhill, Vaughan, Markham, Richmond Hill and the northern suburbs. Local Botox pages are up for both: Yorkville and North York.
Consultations are complimentary at both clinics. Book with whichever is closer.
Find us
Two Toronto clinics
Lucie Mé Yorkville
50 Bloor Street West, Unit C10, Holt Renfrew Centre, Toronto, Ontario, M4W 3L8
Lucie Mé Fairview Mall (North York)
CF Fairview Mall, 1800 Sheppard Avenue East, Toronto, Ontario, M2J 5A7
Common questions
Questions about frown lines
Will Botox for frown lines leave my face looking expressionless?
Correctly dosed, no, because the muscles treated for frown lines are the two that pull the brows together and down, not the ones that raise them. The flat, startled or heavy look people have seen comes from over-treatment or from placement that spreads into the frontalis, the broad muscle across the forehead that lifts the brow. When that happens the brow sits lower than it should or moves unevenly, and the cause is dose and position rather than anything inherent in treating this area. The glabellar complex is small, well mapped and sits a safe distance from the brow lifters when the injection pattern respects it. What a correct treatment gives you is a frown that no longer folds the skin into two vertical lines, with the brows still rising when you are surprised and still moving while you talk. You may notice the muscle feels heavier for the first week while the effect develops, which settles as it finishes developing. If a previous treatment somewhere else left your brows feeling heavy or your forehead feeling stiff, say so at the consultation, because dosing can be adjusted down and placement changed for the shape of your own muscle. Bring a photograph of the result you did not like if you have one.
My frown line is still visible when my face is completely relaxed. What treats that?
A line visible at full rest is a static line, and it needs treatment that works on the skin's own structure rather than on the muscle alone. The crease has been folded in the same place often enough that it is now part of the skin, so relaxing the muscle no longer lets it flatten out. Microneedling creates controlled micro-injury at a set depth, which stimulates collagen production over the following weeks and improves the thickness and quality of the skin itself. Intensif adds radiofrequency energy to that mechanical effect and works at a depth standard microneedling does not reach, which matters more for a line that is well established. Neither shows a change in days the way Botox does; the improvement builds across a course of sessions. Botox still earns its place even here, because reducing how hard the skin folds from now on slows the line setting further, and the two are used together for exactly that reason: Botox for the muscle, microneedling or Intensif for the skin that is already creased. How many sessions makes sense depends on how deep the crease has gone, which is a judgement made by looking at the line rather than from a description of it. Deep static glabellar lines sometimes soften rather than disappear, and knowing that before you start is better than finding out afterwards.
I am in my late twenties and the lines only show when I frown. Is it too early?
There is no age that is too early, and the honest version of the argument is narrower than the earlier the better. Relaxing the corrugator and procerus means the skin between the brows folds with less force and less often, and skin that folds less often takes longer to set a crease into its own structure. That is a real mechanism rather than a sales line, and it is the reason treating dynamic lines before they become static can slow the change. What it is not is a guarantee against ageing generally, or a promise that static lines will never form. Sun exposure, genetics, skin thickness and how strong your muscles are all keep acting whatever you do about the muscle. Someone whose lines vanish completely at rest is in a genuinely different position from someone whose lines are partly set already, and it is reasonable for the two to decide differently. The more useful question than too early or too late is what your own lines are doing right now, dynamic, static, or a mix of the two, and that is what the consultation establishes by looking at your face moving and at rest. Starting later does not close any door either. A static line has more treatment options than it has prevention options.
What does frown line treatment cost in Toronto?
Cost depends on how much is used and on which treatments your lines actually need, which is why a figure quoted before anyone has looked at your face would be a guess. For Botox, the number of units depends on how strong the muscles between your brows are and how much softening you want; a lighter correction that leaves more movement uses less than a fuller one. A set line that also needs work on the skin adds a course of microneedling or Intensif, priced by the session, so the plan for a static line costs more than the plan for a dynamic one. Someone with two shallow lines that disappear at rest is looking at something simpler than someone with a deep central crease and thinning skin across the glabella. The complimentary consultation is where the dynamic-or-static question gets settled and where the plan and its cost are set out for your own face. The two treatments also keep different schedules. Botox holds for around three to four months before the muscles regain their strength, while the collagen a microneedling course builds does not wear off on the same clock. Over a year that difference matters more to what you spend than the price of any single appointment.
Do frown lines come back worse if I stop having Botox?
No, they come back as they were, and then carry on changing at the rate they would have anyway. When the effect wears off the muscles regain their normal strength and the skin folds as it did before, so the dynamic line returns. What does not happen is a jump to something worse than the starting point: nothing about the treatment weakens the skin or makes the muscle stronger in response. The muscles are not being damaged, they are being relaxed for a period, and they recover their function as the product clears. People who have had the area treated for years and then stop sometimes report the lines looking deeper than they remember, and the straightforward reading of that is time passing rather than the treatment causing it. The skin has aged in the meantime, and the comparison in their head is to a face that had been treated, not to the face they would have had untreated. Someone who stops after a long run of treatment is comparing against the treated look rather than against the line as it would have become. Nothing is locked in by starting, and nothing is owed by stopping. If you want to see what the untreated line looks like now, letting one cycle lapse answers the question directly, and you can pick the treatment back up at the next appointment.
Get started
Book a complimentary consultation for frown lines
Both Lucie Mé clinics are in Toronto, in Yorkville and at Fairview Mall.